#20 Luis Payan (RHP) - Cedar Valley College

app
8
gs
2
w
1
l
1
sv
0
ip
17.1
era
4.15
whip
1.44
k
12
Player Stats
  Overall Conf
Games 9 3
Plate appearances 0 0
At Bats 0 0
Runs 0 0
Hits 0 0
Doubles - -
Triples - -
Home Runs - -
Runs Batted In 0 0
Total bases 0 0
Walks - -
Hit by pitch - -
Strikeouts - -
Sacrifice Flies - -
Sacrifice Hits - -
Hit into double play - -
Stolen Bases - -
Caught Stealing - -
Batting Average - -
On Base Percentage - -
Slugging Percentage - -
Appearances 8 3
Games started 2 0
Wins 1 0
Losses 1 0
Saves 0 0
Complete Games 1 -
Shutouts - -
Innings Pitched 17.1 4.0
Hits 18 7
Runs 13 5
Earned Runs 8 3
Walks 7 2
Strikeouts 12 3
Strikeouts per Game 6.23 6.75
Doubles Allowed - -
Triples Allowed - -
WHIP - -
Home Runs Allows - -
At Bats Against 0 -
Batting Average Against - -
Earned Run Average 4.15 6.75
Wild pitches 4 1
Hit Batters 2 -
Balks - -
Sacrifice Flies Allowed - -
Sacrifice Hits Allowed - -
Total Chances 7 2
Put Outs 2 1
Assists 4 1
Errors 1 0
Fielding Percentage .857 1.000
Double Plays - -
Stolen Bases Allowed - -
Runners Caught Stealing - -
Runners Caught Stealing Percentage - -
Passed Balls - -
Catcher's Interference - -
Recent Results
Date Opponent/Event Result
Apr 30 Mountain View College W, 3-1
May 3 at Redlands Community College L, 4-3
May 3 at Redlands Community College W, 8-1
May 6 at Richland College L, 4-3
May 7 at Richland College L, 9-1
May 7 at Richland College L, 5-4
Date Opponent Score ab r h 2b 3b hr rbi bb k sb cs
Sep 18 at Tyler Junior College   - - - - - - - - - - -
Jan 30 at Northeast Texas Community College L, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Jan 30 at Northeast Texas Community College L, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 3 at Hill College L, 14-5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 5 at Angelina College L, 14-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 5 at Angelina College L, 6-5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 10 Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 13-3 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Feb 10 Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 5-4 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Feb 17 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. W, 7-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 19 at Brookhaven College L, 13-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 20 at Brookhaven College L, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 20 at Brookhaven College W, 12-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at LeTourneau University J.V. W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 1-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 26 Eastfield College L, 11-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 27 Eastfield College L, 14-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 27 Eastfield College W, 8-5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 1 Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 7-1 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Mar 1 Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 12-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 4 North Lake College L, 14-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 5 North Lake College L, 13-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 5 North Lake College L, 12-1 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Mar 12 at Mountain View College L, 13-12 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 13 at Mountain View College L, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 13 at Mountain View College W, 18-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. L, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 24 Richland College L, 15-8 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Mar 25 Richland College L, 17-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 25 Richland College L, 11-8 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 29 at Hill College L, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 31 at Dallas Christian College J.V. L, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 31 at Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 14-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 8 Brookhaven College L, 11-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 Brookhaven College W, 5-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 Brookhaven College L, 7-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 6-5 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Apr 15 at Eastfield College L, 12-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 16 at Eastfield College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 16 at Eastfield College L, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 23 at North Lake College W, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 23 at North Lake College L, 11-3 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Apr 24 at North Lake College L, 10-7 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 6-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 18-4 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Apr 29 Mountain View College W, 16-12 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 30 Mountain View College W, 1-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 30 Mountain View College W, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 3 at Redlands Community College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 3 at Redlands Community College W, 8-1 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
May 6 at Richland College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 7 at Richland College L, 9-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 7 at Richland College L, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Date Opponent Score hbp sf sh tb xbh hdp go fo go/fo pa
Sep 18 at Tyler Junior College   - - - - - - - - - -
Jan 30 at Northeast Texas Community College L, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Jan 30 at Northeast Texas Community College L, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 3 at Hill College L, 14-5 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 5 at Angelina College L, 14-0 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 5 at Angelina College L, 6-5 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 10 Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 13-3 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Feb 10 Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 5-4 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Feb 17 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. W, 7-6 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 19 at Brookhaven College L, 13-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 20 at Brookhaven College L, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 20 at Brookhaven College W, 12-6 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at LeTourneau University J.V. W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 1-0 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 26 Eastfield College L, 11-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 27 Eastfield College L, 14-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 27 Eastfield College W, 8-5 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 1 Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 7-1 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Mar 1 Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 12-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 4 North Lake College L, 14-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 5 North Lake College L, 13-0 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 5 North Lake College L, 12-1 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Mar 12 at Mountain View College L, 13-12 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 13 at Mountain View College L, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 13 at Mountain View College W, 18-3 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. L, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 24 Richland College L, 15-8 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Mar 25 Richland College L, 17-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 25 Richland College L, 11-8 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 29 at Hill College L, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 31 at Dallas Christian College J.V. L, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 31 at Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 14-2 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 8 Brookhaven College L, 11-3 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 Brookhaven College W, 5-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 Brookhaven College L, 7-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 6-5 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Apr 15 at Eastfield College L, 12-6 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 16 at Eastfield College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 16 at Eastfield College L, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 23 at North Lake College W, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 23 at North Lake College L, 11-3 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Apr 24 at North Lake College L, 10-7 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 6-0 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 18-4 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Apr 29 Mountain View College W, 16-12 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 30 Mountain View College W, 1-0 - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 30 Mountain View College W, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - -
May 3 at Redlands Community College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - -
May 3 at Redlands Community College W, 8-1 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
May 6 at Richland College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - -
May 7 at Richland College L, 9-1 - - - - - - - - - -
May 7 at Richland College L, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - -
Date Opponent Score gs w l sv ip h r er era whip bb k hr
Sep 18 at Tyler Junior College   - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Jan 30 at Northeast Texas Community College L, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Jan 30 at Northeast Texas Community College L, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 3 at Hill College L, 14-5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 5 at Angelina College L, 14-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 5 at Angelina College L, 6-5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 10 Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 13-3 0 1 0 0 2.0 2 1 - 0.00 - - 1 -
Feb 10 Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 5-4 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Feb 17 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. W, 7-6 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 19 at Brookhaven College L, 13-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 20 at Brookhaven College L, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 20 at Brookhaven College W, 12-6 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at LeTourneau University J.V. W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 1-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 26 Eastfield College L, 11-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 27 Eastfield College L, 14-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 27 Eastfield College W, 8-5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 1 Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 7-1 1 0 0 0 3.1 3 1 1 2.70 - 4 3 -
Mar 1 Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 12-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 4 North Lake College L, 14-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 5 North Lake College L, 13-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 5 North Lake College L, 12-1 0 0 0 0 1.0 3 2 2 18.00 - 1 1 -
Mar 12 at Mountain View College L, 13-12 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 13 at Mountain View College L, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 13 at Mountain View College W, 18-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. L, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 24 Richland College L, 15-8 0 0 0 0 1.0 1 2 - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 25 Richland College L, 17-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 25 Richland College L, 11-8 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 29 at Hill College L, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 31 at Dallas Christian College J.V. L, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 31 at Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 14-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 8 Brookhaven College L, 11-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 Brookhaven College W, 5-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 Brookhaven College L, 7-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 6-5 1 0 1 0 6.0 4 6 4 6.00 - 1 5 -
Apr 15 at Eastfield College L, 12-6 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 16 at Eastfield College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 16 at Eastfield College L, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 23 at North Lake College W, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 23 at North Lake College L, 11-3 0 0 0 0 2.0 3 1 1 4.50 - 1 2 -
Apr 24 at North Lake College L, 10-7 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 6-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 18-4 0 0 0 0 1.0 1 - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 29 Mountain View College W, 16-12 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 30 Mountain View College W, 1-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 30 Mountain View College W, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 3 at Redlands Community College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 3 at Redlands Community College W, 8-1 0 0 0 0 1.0 1 - - 0.00 - - - -
May 6 at Richland College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 7 at Richland College L, 9-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 7 at Richland College L, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Date Opponent Score tc po a e fpct dp sba rcs rcs% pb ci
Sep 18 at Tyler Junior College   - - - - - - - - - - -
Jan 30 at Northeast Texas Community College L, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Jan 30 at Northeast Texas Community College L, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 3 at Hill College L, 14-5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 5 at Angelina College L, 14-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 5 at Angelina College L, 6-5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 10 Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 13-3 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Feb 10 Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 5-4 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Feb 17 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. W, 7-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 19 at Brookhaven College L, 13-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 20 at Brookhaven College L, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 20 at Brookhaven College W, 12-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at LeTourneau University J.V. W, 11-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 22 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 1-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 26 Eastfield College L, 11-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 27 Eastfield College L, 14-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 27 Eastfield College W, 8-5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 1 Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 7-1 2 0 1 1 .500 - - - - - -
Mar 1 Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 12-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 4 North Lake College L, 14-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 5 North Lake College L, 13-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 5 North Lake College L, 12-1 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 12 at Mountain View College L, 13-12 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 13 at Mountain View College L, 4-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 13 at Mountain View College W, 18-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 22 at Texas Wesleyan University J.V. L, 3-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 24 Richland College L, 15-8 1 0 1 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 25 Richland College L, 17-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 25 Richland College L, 11-8 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 29 at Hill College L, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 31 at Dallas Christian College J.V. L, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 31 at Dallas Christian College J.V. W, 14-2 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 8 Brookhaven College L, 11-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 Brookhaven College W, 5-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 Brookhaven College L, 7-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 4-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 11 at LeTourneau University J.V. L, 6-5 1 0 1 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 15 at Eastfield College L, 12-6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 16 at Eastfield College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 16 at Eastfield College L, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 23 at North Lake College W, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 23 at North Lake College L, 11-3 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 24 at North Lake College L, 10-7 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 6-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 26 at Jarvis Christian College J.V. W, 18-4 2 1 1 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 29 Mountain View College W, 16-12 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 30 Mountain View College W, 1-0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 30 Mountain View College W, 3-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 3 at Redlands Community College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 3 at Redlands Community College W, 8-1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
May 6 at Richland College L, 4-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 7 at Richland College L, 9-1 - - - - - - - - - - -
May 7 at Richland College L, 5-4 - - - - - - - - - - -
  g ab r h 2b 3b hr rbi bb k sb cs avg obp slg
2015-16 9 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
2016-17 15 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Total 24 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
  g hbp sf sh tb xbh hdp go fo go/fo pa
2015-16 9 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
2016-17 15 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Total 24 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
  app gs w l sv cg ip h r er bb k k/9 hr era whip
2015-16 8 2 1 1 0 1 17.1 18 13 8 7 12 6.23 - 4.15 1.44
2016-17 15 0 3 0 1 - 25.2 19 16 11 20 14 4.91 1 3.86 1.52
Total 23 2 4 1 1 1 43.0 37 29 19 27 26 5.44 1 3.98 1.49
  g tc po a e fpct dp sba rcs rcs% pb ci
2015-16 9 7 2 4 1 .857 - - - - - -
2016-17 15 3 0 3 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Total 24 10 2 7 1 .900 - - - - - -
  g ab r h 2b 3b hr rbi bb k sb cs avg obp slg
Total 9 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Conference 3 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Exhibition - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
Home 5 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Away 4 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Neutral - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
Wins 5 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
Losses 4 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
-
February 2 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
March 3 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
April 3 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
May 1 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - - - - - -
  g hbp sf sh tb xbh hdp go fo go/fo pa
Total 9 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Conference 3 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Exhibition - - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
-
Home 5 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Away 4 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Neutral - - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
-
Wins 5 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
Losses 4 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
-
February 2 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
March 3 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
April 3 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
May 1 - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
  app gs w l sv cg ip h r er bb k k/9 hr era whip
Total 8 2 1 1 0 1 17.1 18 13 8 7 12 6.23 - 4.15 1.44
Conference 3 0 0 0 0 - 4.0 7 5 3 2 3 6.75 - 6.75 2.25
Exhibition - - - - - - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
-
Home 4 1 1 0 0 - 7.1 9 6 3 5 5 6.14 - 3.68 1.91
Away 4 1 0 1 0 1 10.0 9 7 5 2 7 6.30 - 4.50 1.10
Neutral - - - - - - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
-
Wins 4 1 1 0 0 - 7.1 7 2 1 4 4 4.91 - 1.23 1.50
Losses 4 1 0 1 0 1 10.0 11 11 7 3 8 7.20 - 6.30 1.40
-
February 1 0 1 0 0 - 2.0 2 1 - - 1 4.50 - 0.00 1.00
March 3 1 0 0 0 - 5.1 7 5 3 5 4 6.75 - 5.06 2.25
April 3 1 0 1 0 1 9.0 8 7 5 2 7 7.00 - 5.00 1.11
May 1 0 0 0 0 - 1.0 1 - - - - .00 - 0.00 1.00
  g tc po a e fpct dp sba rcs rcs% pb ci
Total 9 7 2 4 1 .857 - - - - - -
Conference 3 2 1 1 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Exhibition - 0 - - - - - - - - - -
-
Home 5 4 1 2 1 .750 - - - - - -
Away 4 3 1 2 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Neutral - 0 - - - - - - - - - -
-
Wins 5 4 1 2 1 .750 - - - - - -
Losses 4 3 1 2 0 1.000 - - - - - -
-
February 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
March 3 4 1 2 1 .750 - - - - - -
April 3 3 1 2 0 1.000 - - - - - -
May 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -